Masālik Taujīh Al-Qirāāt Al-Qurāniyyah ‘Inda Al-Imām Ibn Zanjalah Min Khilāl Kitabuhu Hujjah Al-Qurān

Abstract

The mechanisms of Tawjīh al-Qiraat of the Qur'ān are among the points that distinguish the science of at-Tawjīh, given that matters related to expansiveness and comprehensiveness are significant to it. When consulting the books of Tawjīh al-Qirā’āt, we see that these theories of at-Tawjīh encompass and are derived from all fields of knowledge, such as the Qur'ān, the Shadh (irregular or anomalous) readings, the Hadith, Arabic grammar and morphology, poetry, Qur'ānic ortography and others. However, authors differed on which fields of knowledge should be prioritized. Ibn Zanjalah, for example, cited extensively from Arabic grammar and poetry, but he understates the Hadith and the Shadh readings, which are two important pillars of at-Tawjīh. The mechanisms of at-Tawjīh according to Ibn Zanjalah are not well-defined in its features, and herein lies the research problem, which aims to establish that,the various sciences of Islamic knowledge are interconnected and cannot be regarded independently of each other. This research also aims to determine the extent of Ibn Zanjalah’s derivations from each science, while evaluating the mechanisms of at-Tawjīh according to Ibn Zanjalah by comparing the sciences contained in his book with one another. This research is based on the analytical method, which tracks Ibn Zanjalah’s theories of at-Tawjīh and examines them jointly as a whole; to be analyzed and classified and to identify the positive and negative aspects. Several results have emerged from this research, some of which are: The science of Tawjīh al-Qirā’āt is employs and utilizes all religious and Arabic sciences, therefore Tawjīh al-Qirā’āt can be derived from Arabic grammar, Arabic morphology, the Qur'ān, the Hadith and Arabic poetry, as well as the languages ​​of the Arabs and their different dialects, and this is the approach followed by Ibn Zanjalah. It is evident that it is not possible to limit Tawjīh al-Qirā’āt to one particular science. Ibn Zanjalah clearly regarded many sciences as important in at-Tawjīh, notwithstanding his neglect of the Shadh readings and the Hadīth, of which he did not cite except a little. Based on comparisons it becomes clear that Ibn Zanjalah did not possess mastery of the Hadīth.