Jurnal Fiqh

Analisis Ketepatan Aplikasi Kiblat dalam Play Store dan Apple App Store

Nurulhuda Ahmad Zaki — 2025-06-30

In today’s era of modern technology, qibla applications, whether in the Play Store or Apple App Store (iOS), have become the preferred choice of the Muslim community. Qibla applications are favoured because they are easy to use in determining the direction of the Qibla. The community’s reliance on Qibla applications is evident in the millions of downloads every day. This trend shows that qibla applications are the main choice of the Muslim community in the 21st century. However, issues arise not only from magnetic interference, but also from the fact that hundreds of applications available on both Android and iOS systems have not all been tested for accuracy. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare and evaluate the accuracy of 25 selected Qibla applications available on the Play Store and Apple App Store. Data were collected through observational methods, and analysis was carried out using a comparative approach. The findings of the study also show that 68% of qibla applications in both systems have a deviation of less than 3°. This study also demonstrates that Qibla applications on iOS systems are more accurate, with a difference of only 8% compared to those on Android. The study findings also prove that Qibla applications can be used as a reference among Muslim users but must be within the tolerance limits allowed in Malaysia.

Fatwa Bahthul Masail Nahdhatul Ulama dalam Penggunaan Ubatan Penundaan Haid Di Bulan Ramadan dari Perspektif Maqāṣid Al- Sharīʿah

Abdul Hakim — 2025-06-30

Fatwas of Bahthul Masail Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) play an important role in addressing contemporary issues faced by Muslims including the use of drugs to delay menstruation in Ramadan. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the fatwa of Bahthul Masail NU (Nahdhatul Ulama), especially regarding the law of using drugs to delay menstruation for Muslim women in Ramadan from the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah. This study employs the documentation method, with data analysis conductedthrough a descriptive qualitative approach, using maqāṣid al-sharī'ah as the primary measuring stick. The results of the study show that the NU Bahthul Masail agreed to permit the use of drugs to suspend menstruation in the month of Ramadan with certain conditions. Among these are that it does not harm the user, does not result in the termination of offspring (by destroying reproductive cells), and does not have an effect on future pregnancies. This fatwa also celebrates the needs of Muslims in worship in accordance with today's scientific developments and advances which still prioritize maṣlaḥah ‘āmmah. This necessity allows Muslim women to double their reward in Ramadan in addition to achieving the privilege of Lailatul Qadr that Allah has promised in that month.

Tanggungjawab Perubatan dalam Pembedahan yang dibantu Robot Menurut Perspektif Etika Islam dan Fiqh

Ahmad Safwan Yunos — 2025-06-30

The advancement of medical technology has introduced robot-assisted surgery, offering enhanced surgical precision and faster patient recovery. However, its application raises complex questions regarding medical responsibility from both Islamic ethical and fiqh perspectives. This paper explores the nature of medical liability in robot-assisted procedures by examining ethical, criminal, and contractual dimensions, while addressing the roles of surgeons, manufacturers, hospitals, and related parties. Employing a qualitative methodology, the study of classical fiqh sources, contemporary fatwas, and legal frameworks. The data was analyzed using a content analysis method which involved identifying through main themes such as responsibility, liability, taʿzīr and qiṣāṣ. It concludes that the application of responsibility in robot-assisted surgery provides a comprehensive and Shariah-accountability model to ensure justice, patient safety and trustworthiness.

Al-Taftāzānī’s Discussion on The Nature of Man Sine Qua Non (Essential) to The Mukallaf in The Science of Uṣūl Al-Fiqh

Mohd Hilmi Ramli — 2025-06-30

The discussion of mukallaf as the maḥkūm ‘alayh is a key component in many works of uṣūl al-fiqh. As a mukallaf, a person must not only recognize his or her individual responsibility to fulfill duties and obligations to God but also meet two essential conditions: first, possessing intellect (‘aql) and second, having legal capacity (ahlīyyah). However, not all works of uṣūl al-fiqh explore the metaphysical underpinnings of the concept of mukallaf. This study aims to delve into al-Taftāzānī’s Talwīḥ ‘alā Tawḍīḥ, a synthesis work of uṣūl al-fiqh that articulates the metaphysical aspects of humanity that underpin the concept of mukallaf. The study will employ both textual and conceptual methods to understand the nature of man and its related concepts, particularly ‘aql and ahlīyyah. The study finds that al-Taftāzānī’s commentary, which reflects the views of notable jurists, making a great explanation on the insānī aspects of mukallaf.

Exploring The Ethical Governance of Artificial Intelligence from An Islamic Ethical Perspective

Uthman Mohammed Mustapha Kannike — 2025-06-30

This study aims to examine the intersection of contemporary artificial intelligence (AI) with Islamic ethics, specifically exploring how foundational Islamic ethical principles can guide the integration and governance of AI technologies. Employing a theoretical and conceptual analysis method, the research investigates epistemological and theological considerations related to the application of machine learning algorithms in interpreting sacred Islamic texts. The core theoretical underpinnings guiding this analysis include Tawḥīd (the Oneness of God), which emphasizes harmony and ethical coherence; Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah (Objectives of Islamic Law), focusing on safeguarding fundamental human interests such as faith, life, intellect, progeny, and wealth; Ihsan (Excellence and Benevolence), advocating for moral excellence in technological applications; and ʿAdl (Justice), which demands equity and fairness in technological advancements. The findings indicate that while AI holds significant promise for enhancing societal welfare, education, healthcare, and economic justice within Muslim communities, it presents profound ethical challenges, including algorithmic bias, privacy infringement, human autonomy erosion, and accountability concerns. The study highlights the necessity of rigorous ethical oversight grounded in Islamic ethics to navigate these challenges, proposing that AI applications adhere to principles of justice, transparency, and the preservation of human dignity and autonomy. The implications of this research extend beyond theoretical considerations, underscoring the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between Islamic scholars, ethicists, policymakers, and technologists. Islamic ethical guidelines can enrich global conversations on AI ethics, ensuring technological innovations align with universally recognized moral standards while promoting social justice and human flourishing.

دور التشريع الجنائي في مكافحة التحرش الجنسي الإلكتروني دراسة مقارنة بين الفقه الإسلامي والقانون الكويتي

Abdullah Fares Mohammed Al-Banaq — 2025-06-30

This study addresses the problem that conventional criminal classifications have struggled to encompass the rapidly growing forms of electronic sexual harassment, thereby raising the question: How effectively do Islamic jurisprudence and Kuwaiti criminal law deter such offences in the cyber domain? Using an inductive approach to collect legislative texts, an analytical method to examine legal rulings and penalties, and a comparative lens to identify convergences and divergences, the study investigates offences such as violating sexual privacy, soliciting adultery or sodomy, and exposing indecency through electronic means. Findings show that Islamic jurisprudence offers a comprehensive framework rooted in fixed religious sources, distinguishing between hudud (e.g., flogging) and taʿzir (e.g., imprisonment, fines) penalties, whereas Kuwaiti Law relies solely on taʿzir punishments and lacks explicit provisions for several electronic forms of harassment. The study recommends revising Kuwaiti legislation to align with Islamic principles, strengthening international cooperation against cross-border cyber-crimes, and promoting public awareness of ethical online conduct.

حكم التدخلات التقنية بغرض إطالة عمر الإنسان وتأخير مظاهر الشيخوخة في الفقه الإسلامي

Hamza Abed Alkarim Hammad — 2025-06-30

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become widespread in recent times for various aspects , including medical aspects. Some of which aims to extend human life and delay the signs of aging. The research problem of this study lies in clarifying the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence on the intervention of technology in the human body. The objectives of this research is to discuss the technological interventions aimed at extending human life and delaying the signs of aging, and to explore the jurisprudential ruling. The research adopted a descriptive and deductive research approach to obtain the research objectives. Regarding technological interventions aimed at prolonging human life and delaying the signs of aging, the study divided these interventions into three approaches. The first is the biological method that is based on advances in genetics and biotechnology and focuses on enhancing the immune system genetically. The study concluded that such method is impermissible. The second method is the electronic method which is based on advances in nanotechnology and robotics, and focuses on various parts of the body with artificial substitutes, such as artificial skin. The study found that the ruling on such method varies depending on the situation. As such, replacing damaged human body parts with prosthetic limbs is regarded permissible since it falls under the type of medical treatment. Moreover, regarding the technological interventions to enhance human capabilities, it is found that an in-depth study is required to explore such an issue. The third method is the virtual method known as mind uploading which involves digitizing the information contained in the brain -such as memories, and information- and then transferring it to a machine. From the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence, this method is considered permissible; however, it must not cause any harm to the brain.