SARJANA

AMALAN PENJAGAAN KESIHATAN MASYARAKAT MELAYU KEDAH DARI PERSPEKTIF BUDAYA: PRINSIP, PRAKTIS, DAN IDENTITI

Muhd Abdul Hadi Johari — 2024-08-27

ABSTRAK

Bagi setiap masyarakat, sistem nilai dan tingkah laku adalah dibentuk oleh ekologi dan kebudayaan, terutamanya dari aspek penyembuhan penyakit dan kesihatan diri. Bagi masyarakat Melayu Kedah, paradigma kesihatan tersebut adalah pola berstruktur (structured pattern) semenjak dari zaman tradisi lagi, susulan pada masa itu sistem kesihatan dan perubatan moden masih belum meluas. Makalah ini berusaha untuk mengkonstruksi sistem penjagaan kesihatan masyarakat Melayu Kedah dari perspektif budaya sebagai menyingkap fungsi, praktis, dan identitinya yang khusus. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan pemerhatian ikut serta dan temu bual mendalam. Kajian lapangan dijalankan di Daerah Baling dengan menemu bual 15 warga tua (tiga daripadanya adalah bomoh perubatan tradisional), tujuh dewasa, dan tiga anak muda. Kajian mendapati bahawa punca penyakit Orang Melayu Kedah adalah disebabkan oleh tiga etiologi, iaitu (i) alam ghaib, (ii) pengaruh persekitaran dan fisiologi tubuh, serta (iii) gabungan kedua-duanya. Masyarakat Melayu Kedah melindungi diri dan kesihatan mereka melalui tiga amalan, iaitu (i) ritual perlindungan diri dan tanah kediaman bagi menyekat sihir, (ii) ritual khusus untuk memagar diri dan rumah daripada dimasuki oleh makhluk ghaib, serta (iii) amalan tertentu (amalan fizikal dan spiritual) yang memusatkan perhatian kepada diri-sendiri. Praktis-praktis tersebut simbolik melambangkan identiti kebudayaan tempatan dan keperibadian diri mereka.

ABSTRACT

For every society, the system of values and social behaviors is shaped by ecology and culture, especially in terms of disease healing and personal health. For the Kedah Malay community, the health paradigm is a structured pattern since the traditional era, as at that time the modern health and medical system was not yet widespread. This paper seeks to construct the health care system of the Kedah Malay community from a cultural perspective by revealing its specific functions, practices, and identity. Data were collected using participatory observations and in-depth interviews. The field study was conducted in Baling by interviewing 15 elderly people (three of whom were traditional medicine shamans), seven adults, and three young people. The study found that the cause of the disease among Kedah Malays is due to three etiologies, namely (i) the supernatural, (ii) the influence of the environment and physiology of the body, and (iii) the combination of both. The Kedah Malay community protects themselves and their health by conducting three specific practices, namely (i) self-protection and residential lands retuals to prevent magic, (ii) specific rituals to fend themselves and homes from being possessed by supernatural beings, as well as (iii) certain practices (physical and spiritual practices) that focus on the self. These practices are symbolic to their local cultural identity and their personality.

THE NARRATIVE OF SURVIVAL: FOOD AND EATING AS MOTIFS IN PARASITE BY BONG JOON-HO

Mahdi Teimouri — 2024-08-27

ABSTRACT

The 2019 Oscar-winning movie, Parasite, contains numerous references to food and eating. It perfectly illustrates the cultural vigor and potency of an Asian movie industry capable of commanding global attention in the same vein that its food culture has done so far. I am interested in studying this movie from the standpoint of the struggle for existence which is embodied in its title. Any form of struggle as such involves subsistence and nourishment. In this paper I wish to look at this matter starting from investigating the implications that the title of the movie has. Then I will proceed to explore the significance of food and eating as an idea that dominates the movie creating a network of signification that underlies its storyline. By doing so, I will try to review the implicit and explicit ways through which eating and food feature in the narrative structure of the movie making them recurrent motifs.

HALAL HERBAL MEDICINE MARKET IN MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA: CHALLENGES AND ITS GLOBAL SIGNIFICANCE

Ayurisya Dominata Dumiadi — 2024-08-27

ABSTRACT

Malaysia and Indonesia have tropical climates with a wealth of natural resources forming strategic raw material capital for producing halal herbal medicines. This research focuses on analysing the halal herbal medicine market in the context of Indonesia and Malaysia's halal herbal medicine industry. This research also uncovers the awareness level of world community to use natural treatment by adhering to halal and Islamic herbal medicine, known as the basic treatment of Thibbun Nabawi. The potential for developing halal herbal medicinal products to meet basic needs based on demand and sharia compliance is analysed. The development of standardised and Islamic-oriented treatment is also discussed, giving rise to new concepts such as sharia-compliant treatment, which refers to Islamic considerations regarding the availability of drugs and treatment measures that are alcohol-free, free from haram ingredients, well-produced and halal.